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  • Presentation | SH14B: Understanding Space Weather for Human and Robotic Exploration to the Moon, Mars, and Beyond II Oral
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  • SH14B-06: Solar soft X-ray proxy derived from observed Auger photoelectrons by MGS and a 1999-2006 flare catalog at Mars
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Author(s):
Shaosui Xu, University of California Berkeley (First Author, Presenting Author)
Edward Thiemann, University of Colorado Boulder
David Mitchell, Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley
Phillip Chamberlin, University of Colorado


Solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray photons are a primary source of energy for the planetary upper atmospheres. Soft X-ray (SXR) irradiance is quite variable, particularly during solar flare events. Meanwhile, oxygen Auger photoelectrons are produced by solar SXR photons at wavelengths shorter than ~2.5 nm photoionizing atmospheric atoms. This study uses a novel approach to infer the SXR irradiance from Auger photoelectron fluxes. More specifically, we derive the fit function between the Auger photoelectron fluxes observed by the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft and solar irradiance at 0.1-0.8 nm observed by Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) X-ray Sensors (XRS) for selected solar flare events. The fit function is then applied to all the Auger photoelectron observations by MGS to derive the 0.1-0.8-nm SXR irradiance from 1999 to 2006. Using the same database, 167 solar flare events ranging from C-Class to X-Class are identified at an additional vantage point away from Earth. These results are of particular interest for studying Mars's atmospheric response to solar flares and also over-the-limb and far-side flare effects on near-side disk radiance and radiative transport in the solar corona, which improves our understanding of the solar flare generation.



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