This study explores how powerful geological forces have shaped the mountainous landscape of northern Pakistan over millions of years. Focusing on the Kohat Fold and Thrust Belt, we combine rock dating techniques with computer-based geological models to uncover when and how different parts of the region were uplifted and exposed at the surface. We also use satellite rainfall data to see how climate might be influencing erosion and rock movement today. Our findings reveal unexpected patterns of mountain building and deep burial, offering new insights into active tectonics in one of the world’s most dynamic collision zones.