Maine's forests are crucial for both timber production and fighting climate change by storing carbon. However, rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns threaten these benefits. This study examined how different forest management approaches could help Maine achieve its climate goals while meeting other forestry objectives.

We used computer models to simulate how Maine's forests might change under different climate scenarios and management practices through 2100. Recent research shows that climate change will hurt conifer trees (like spruce and fir) much more than hardwood trees (like maple and birch), with conifers becoming 25-49% less productive.

Our results show that smart forest management could increase carbon storage by 15-25% compared to current practices, even while maintaining timber harvests. The best approach combines setting aside large areas for conservation (43% of forestland) while using intensive harvesting methods on the remaining areas. However, climate change makes traditional practices like clearcut-and-plant less effective because conifers struggle to regrow in warmer conditions.

By 2060, climate impacts become much stronger, making it harder to maintain both timber production and carbon storage. Forest managers need to adapt their strategies now, focusing on preserving existing mature forests while diversifying tree species to build resilience against future climate changes.