Sand spits are narrow sandy landforms along coastlines that protect inland areas from strong waves and storms. At Shah Porir Dwip in southern Bangladesh, these sand spits act as natural barriers during tropical cyclones, which bring dangerous storm surges and flooding. However, they are vulnerable to erosion and breaching during such storms.

This study examines how sand spits at Shah Porir Dwip changed during two severe cyclones in 2023: Mocha and Hamoon. Using satellite images taken before and after these cyclones, the study maps shoreline changes. A computer model called XBeach simulates the effects of waves, wind, and tides on the sand spits during storms. The model also tests how vegetation helps stabilize the sand by reducing erosion.

By combining satellite data and modeling, this research identifies areas that erode, build up, or are flooded during storms. The findings will help coastal managers and communities better prepare for future cyclones and protect vulnerable coastal zones.

This work supports safer, more resilient coastal environments, particularly for places like Shah Porir Dwip that face frequent, intense storms.