They used a special type of radar satellite (SAR) that works in all weather to map where the floodwater went. This method helped clearly tell apart flooded areas from dry land, even in difficult terrains. They also used a popular hydrology model (SCS-CN) to understand how rainfall turned into surface water runoff. The model showed that the heavy rain, along with already wet soil, caused most of the flooding.

The study also checked if a nearby dam (Dumbur Dam) had made things worse but found no link—the flooding was mainly due to heavy rain, not dam releases.

The flood affected over 2.4 million people and flooded nearly half of the farmland in the region. Urban areas were hit too, especially poorer neighborhoods. The research suggests that using radar data and hydrological models together gives a strong method to predict and manage floods better in the future, especially under changing climate conditions.