Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) is a promising method for measuring soil moisture over large areas (several hectares) and depths (up to half a meter). CRNS detects neutrons produced by cosmic rays, which are highly sensitive to hydrogen and therefore mainly from water in the soil. This makes the method nearly unaffected by soil type, providing reliable, real-time data with minimal maintenance.

CRNS is useful for hydrology, agriculture and environmental monitoring. Recent advances, like improved simulations and better sensor networks, have increased its precision. However, uncertainties remain due to varying environmental conditions.

The Soil Moisture Metrology (SoMMet) project, part of the European Partnership on Metrology, aims to standardize CRNS measurements, bridging the gap between ground-based sensors and satellite data. Over six years, the Cosmic Sense research group refined CRNS methods, defining its detection range, accuracy, and response to soil moisture changes.

While CRNS offers large coverage and non-invasive monitoring, further research is needed to increase precision. Standardizing its use will enhance its reliability for scientific and practical applications. This contribution presents the current status including the updated and potentially final description of footprint, detector response and intensity relation.