Modern farming has helped feed a growing global population, but it has also caused serious problems like soil damage and pollution. We looked for ways to avoid that trade-off. We studied a technology called anaerobic digestion, which turns animal manure, food waste, and crop residues into renewable energy. This process produces a by-product called digestate, which can be applied to farm fields as a natural fertilizer. We combined data from published studies around the world with measurements from a real farm in the U.S. Midwest. We found that applying digestate to fields helped increase the amount of carbon stored in the soil, and this led to improved soil and increased crop yields. However, digestate can contain more nutrients than crops need, which could lead to water pollution if not managed properly. Our results show that using digestate on farms could be a “win-win” for both food production and the environment, but only if nutrients are carefully managed to avoid side effects.