Primary Convener:
Ivan Mitevski, Princeton University

Convener:
Ivan Mitevski, Princeton University
Jiang Zhu, NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research
Jonah Bloch-Johnson, National Centre for Atmospheric Research

Chair:
Ivan Mitevski, Princeton University
Jiang Zhu, NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research
Jonah Bloch-Johnson, National Centre for Atmospheric Research

Understanding climate response across different background states is critical for interpreting past climate changes, improving present-day projections, and assessing future risks. However, many existing frameworks were developed for small perturbations from the present-day climate and do not fully capture the nonlinear, state-dependent nature of climate forcing, response, and potential recovery.This session aims to bring together the paleoclimate, climate dynamics, and modeling communities to develop a holistic picture of how climate forcing, feedbacks, and large-scale circulation evolve under different climate states. We welcome studies addressing (1) the risk of extreme warming under continued CO₂ emissions, (2) the evolution of climate sensitivity across Earth’s history and implications for the future, (3) the reversibility of climate change and potential tipping points, and (4) the ability of climate models to represent state dependence. Contributions from theory, modeling, and paleoclimate perspectives are encouraged to advance our understanding of how climate response changes with background state.

Index Terms
3305 Climate change and variability
3310 Clouds and cloud feedbacks
3344 Paleoclimatology
1620 Climate dynamics

Neighborhoods:
3. Earth Covering